Temporomandibular Joint Surgery (TMJ)

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a unique joint. It is located in front of the ear where the skull and the lower jaw meet, which allows the lower jaw (mandible) to move and function.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction may present with a variety of symptoms. Patients may have complaints of earaches, headaches, neck pain, and limited mouth opening. They may also complain of joint noises such as clicking or grating sounds, or pain when opening and closing the mouth.

Arthritis is one cause of TMJ symptoms. It can result from injury or from abnormal functions such as grinding the teeth. Another common cause involves the dislocation of the disc that is located between the jaw bone and the socket. This may cause popping or clicking sounds, limit jaw movements, and produce pain during opening and closing of the mouth. Other conditions such as trauma or rheumatoid arthritis may lead to fusion or ankylosis of the jaw bone to the skull and limit jaw mobility.

In addition to joint problems, abnormalities in the alignment of teeth or malocclusion (bad bite) which generate disharmony in the movement of the joints, clenching or grinding the teeth due to stress produce painful muscle spasms and difficulty in jaw movement.

Patients may have a combination of muscle and joint problems. That is why diagnosing TMJ disorders can be complex and may require different diagnostic procedures. Once TMJ disorders are correctly diagnosed, appropriate treatment can be provided. Our surgeon’s treatments may range from dental and medical care to complex surgery. Depending on the diagnosis, treatment may include short term medications for pain and muscle relaxation, bite plates or splint therapy, and even stress management counseling.

Generally, if nonsurgical treatment is unsuccessful or there is clear joint damage, surgery may be indicated. Surgery may involve either arthroscopy or repair of the damaged joint by a direct surgical approach.